The “Tara” National Park was established in 1981 to preserve the following: Karst relief (bays and valleys, sinkholes and dolines), Tresava, etc.one of the highest quality forest ecosystems with deciduous, coniferous and mixed stands in the Balkans and Europe, with excellent structure, quality and health of the stands; habitats and populations of wild plants, with numerous plant species of national, regional and European importance, especially the Pančić spruce in its original autochthonous habitat and in the places where it was first found and described as a new coniferous species for science, and the Derventa dill; habitats and populations of wildlife, especially birds (buzzard, spotted woodpecker, Ural owl, short-eared cuckoo, wild canary and mountain warbler), mammals (bear, chamois, wolf, wild boar, wild cat and golden marten), insects (endemic relict of the Pančić grasshopper), etccolourful and attractive landscapes with a number of distinctive features determined by the state and characteristics of natural factors, the moderate influence of man on nature, folk creativity and building; rich cultural and historical heritage, primarily the Rača Monastery, the necropolises in Perućac and Rastište, the hermitage of St. Đorđe and the protection and preservation of the memorial; adequate quality of life of the people in the National Park through the development of social, cultural and economic activities.
The National Park “Tara” is located in the extreme west of the Republic of Serbia, covers an area bounded by the bend of the Drina River between Višegrad and Bajina Bašta, and consists of the mountain massifs Zvezda, Crni vrh and Ravna Tara. To the east, the area is bordered by the Solotuška River and the Ponikva Plateau, and to the south by the Kremanska and Mokrogorska basins.
The territory of the National Park “Tara” extends over the territory of the municipality of Bajina Bašta, within 10 cadastral municipalities: Jagoštica, Rastište, Zaovine, Konjska reka, Perućac, Beserovina, Zauglina, Rača, Mala reka and Solotuša, with a total area of 24,991.82 ha, of which 13,588.51 ha are state-owned and 11,403.36 ha are private and other property, of which 13.35% are included in the first degree, 34.07% in the second degree and 52.58% in the third degree of the total area.
In 2017, the Zlatibor mountain massif, which comprises an extensive natural area in the south-west of Serbia, in the Stari Vlah zone, in the Eastern Dinarides, was declared a protected area of exceptional importance, i.e. category I as a nature park under the name “Zlatibor”, by a government decree RS.
The southern border of the Nature Park “Zlatibor” is formed by the river Uvac with the coast, the western border coincides with the state border with the Republic of Srpska, in the north the border runs along the slopes of Mokra and Semegnjevska gora and the slopes of Gruda, it bypasses the populated place of Zlatibor and continues along the northern slopes of Čigota, while the eastern border consists of the river Katušnica with the coast and the slopes of Murtenica.
The nature park “Zlatibor” has the character of a plateau with a complex tectonic and morphological structure intersected by gorges and canyon valleys of numerous rivers. On the Zlatibor plateau, 32 objects of geological heritage are recorded, namely: 13 geomorphological, nine geological, eight speleological and two architectural and petrological objects. One of the most valuable areas of the Nature Park “Zlatibor” is the canyon valley of the river Uvac with numerous valley meanders, whose water belongs to the first quality class according to the existing indicators.
The peculiarity of the flora and vegetation is due to the influence of the serpentine geological base. In this area there are habitats for numerous rare and endangered plant species (out of a total of 1,044, 226 are of national and international importance, 34 species belong to the category of strictly protected and 112 taxa to the category of protected species). There are 80 taxa on the preliminary Red List of the Flora of Serbia, and 76 endemic taxa have been found throughout the area.
The Nature Park “Zlatibor” is dominated by autochthonous black pine forests and mixed black and white pine forests classified as Natura 2000 priority habitats; there is a strictly protected species of munica and protected species: dogwood, dogwood, hajdučka oputa and birch.
The fish species found in the area are bream, brown trout and bream, with bream being particularly important as it is a strictly protected species. A total of 18 species of amphibians and reptiles have been identified, which represents 38.30% of the total number of species living on the territory of the Republic of Serbia.
Due to its great richness and diversity, the area of the Nature Park “Zlatibor” belongs to the selected areas for butterflies (PBA-Prime Butterfly Areas) and represents a habitat for significant populations of the target butterfly species. The occurrence of some 154 bird species has been detected, placing the area of the Nature Park “Zlatibor” on the List of Sites for Birds of Exceptional National Importance (IBAnac-68), which represents 42% of all species recorded so far in the Republic of Serbia, of which 127 species are strictly protected, while 27 species are protected. Some 38 mammal species have been recorded, which currently represents 40% of all species recorded in any way on the territory of the Republic of Serbia.
The special beauty and recognition value of the Nature Park “Zlatibor” is given by the traditional way of life in the old Wallachian settlement type with a two-part log cabin as the basic building form. The basic value is also represented by established immovable cultural assets: the log cabin church in Donja Jablanica, the log cabin church in Dobroselica and the Uvac monastery complex, as well as several registered properties.
The nature park “Zlatibor” is located:
The area of the Nature Park “Zlatibor” is 41,923.26 ha, of which 18,158.83 ha (43.31%) are state-owned, 23,582.42 ha (56.25%) are privately owned, 93.68 ha (0.22%) are public, 74.85 ha (0.18%) are social, 13.48 ha (0.04%) are other forms of ownership. Of these, 4.69% are in the first degree of protection, 45.93% in the second degree % and III degree 49.38% of the total area of the Nature Park “Zlatibor”.
The area of the Šargan Mountains, the Mokra Gora Valley, the Belo Rzav Valley and the southern parts of the Tara Mountains with the Dobri and Ljuti polje and the valley of the Bratešina stream was placed under protection as the Šargan-Mokra gora Nature Park by a government decree in 2005 RS and designated as a protected natural asset of exceptional importance, i.e. category I.
The Šargan-Mokra gora Nature Park was placed under protection in order to preserve and enhance the diversity and beauty of the landscape, the diversity and richness of wild flora and fauna and, in particular, the preservation of endangered, rare and endemic plant and animal species, their biotic communities and tall old Black Forest. and white pines, the preservation and maintenance of the quality of the main environmental factors (water, air and soil), objects of folk architecture, “Šarganska osmica” and the ethno-complex “Drvengrad” as well as examples and forms of traditional way of life, spatial planning and sustainable development of tourism, agriculture and forestry and in the interest of science, education, culture and recreation.
The nature park “Šargan-Mokra gora” is located here:
The total area of the Nature Park “Šargan-Mokra gora” is 10,813.73 ha, of which 4433.33 ha are state property and 6380.40 ha are private and other property.
Level I, II and III protection regimes are established in the area of the “Šargan-Mokra gora” Nature Park.
In 2001, by a decree of the Government of RS, the area of the Golija and Radočel Mountains was placed under protection as a nature park under the name “Golija” and classified in the first category of protection as a natural asset of exceptional importance.
The Golija Nature Park was placed under protection in order to preserve the value of the forests and improve their condition: forests represented by extensive, high quality, diverse and in other respects significant forest ecosystems; landscape features contained in the exceptional beauty, diversity and dynamics of the landscape; cultural properties and their surroundings, including the Studenica Monastery, a cultural monument inscribed on the World Heritage List, and the Gradac Monastery of exceptional national importance, as well as other numerous objects of cultural and historical value; durability and quality of basic natural resources (water, soil and vegetation cover), including space as an urban resource; biological diversity based on a large number of plant and animal species and their communities, as well as the presence of rare, endemic and relict species; geological heritage represented by unusual and attractive landforms and numerous water bodies and phenomena in the form of springs of mountain streams and tresava lakes.
The Golija Nature Park includes parts of the municipalities of Ivanjica, Kraljevo, Raška, Novi Pazar and Sjenica with a total area of 75,183.00 ha, of which 27,306.00 ha are state-owned and 47,877.00 ha are privately owned:
In the territory of the Golija Nature Park, a first degree protection regime with an area of 553.80 ha, a second degree protection regime with an area of 3,883.10 ha and a third degree protection regime with an area of 70,746.10 ha are established.
The area “Pešter field” on the Pešter plateau in south-western Serbia was declared a protected area of the first category of international and national, i.e. exceptional importance, as a special nature reserve “Pešter field” by a decree of the government of RS in 2015.
The special nature reserve “Pešter field” was placed under protection in order to preserve: representative and unique features of biodiversity and geographic diversity; one of the largest remaining hill-mountain tresava complexes in Serbia and the Balkans, where numerous relict, endemic, rare and endangered, nationally and internationally important animal and plant species have found refuge, such as.: the marsh trefoil Menyanthes trifoliate, the marsh louse Pedicularis palustris, the lesser spotted woodpecker Utricularia minor, of which this is the only remaining habitat in Serbia, the fart Crex crex, the bog owl Asio flameus, the mountain marmot Triturus alpestris, the rock hermit of this area, the cave snail Bythinella pesterica, ten hard-winged species, two species of water mites, two species of freshwater snails and six species of freshwater molluscs for the fauna of Serbia, known only in this area, 39 plant communities of marsh, swamp, water, meadow, pasture, forest and sporadic ruderal vegetation; a number of geomorphological features such as limestone mounds, sinkholes, frost-grass mounds – tufuri, frost-eroded vault surfaces, solifluction terraces, grass rings, wandering sods and karst levelling depressions.
The special nature reserve “Pešter field” with a total area of 3117.97 ha, of which 1595.22 ha (51.16%) are state-owned, 1376.81 ha (44.16%) are privately owned and 145.94 ha (4.68%) are owned in other forms:
In the area of the special nature reserve “Pešter field”, protection regulations of the degree II and III have been established.
Part of the forest complex of the Jelova Gora mountain in western Serbia was declared a protected area of the category II, of regional or great importance, as the Strict Nature Reserve “Zelenika” by a decree of the government of the RS in 2015.
The Strict Nature Reserve “Zelenika” is protected for the preservation of the forest complex Jelova Gora and the habitat of the autochthonous community of relict species of Zelenika (Ilex aquifolium) covered with the mountain beech forest Fagetum moesiace montanum ilicetosum.
The strict nature reserve “Zelenika” is located on the territory of the municipality of Užice, namely KO Stapari on part of cadastral parcel 87/1 and KO Buar on part of cadastral parcel 7 and is 0.45 ha in size and state-owned.
In the area of the Strict Nature Reserve “Zelenika” is a protection regime 1.
On the areas where the first degree protection regime has been established, strict protection is carried out, allowing the processes of natural succession and the preservation of habitats and biotic communities in the wilderness.
In addition to the prohibitions and restrictions regulated by the nature conservation regulations, changing the purpose of the protected area is also prohibited.
Part of the mountain forest complex Jelova Gora in western Serbia was declared a protected area of the category II, of regional or great importance, as a Strict Nature Reserve “Above Tatalija” by a government decree in 2015 RS.
The Strict Nature Reserve “Above Tatalija” is protected for the preservation of the forest complex of Jelova Gora and the habitat of the autochthonous community of relict species of sedge (Ilex aquifolium) covered with mountain beech forest (Fagetum moesiace montanum ilicetosum).
The strict nature reserve “Above Tatalija” is located on the territory of the municipality of Bajina Bašta, i.e. KO Zaglavak, with a total area of 0.80 ha, in state ownership.
In the area of the Strict Nature Reserve “Above Tatalija”, a protection regime of the 1st category applies.
On the areas where the first degree protection regime has been established, strict protection is carried out, allowing the processes of natural succession and the preservation of habitats and biotic communities in the wilderness.
In addition to the prohibitions and restrictions regulated by the nature conservation regulations, changing the purpose of the protected area is also prohibited.
Part of the mountain forest complex Jelova Gora in western Serbia was declared a protected area of the category II, of regional or great importance, as a strict nature reserve “Tesne Jaruge” by a decree of the government of RS in 2015.
The strict nature reserve “Tesne Jaruge” was placed under protection to preserve the beech forest in the valley of the Okoliška River, which is covered with various species of sphagnum moss (Sphagnum ssp.), a hybrid of the common birch (Betula pendula)and the dwarf birch (Betula pubescens)which are rare and endangered. Species and a boreal relict as well as a relict species of ribbed fern (Blechnum spicant).).
The strict nature reserve “Tesne Jaruge” is located on the territory of the municipality of Bajina Bašta, KO Zaglavak, with a total area of 2.92 ha, in state ownership.
In the area of the Strict Nature Reserve “Tesne Jaruga”, a first degree protection regime has been established.
On the areas where the first degree protection regime has been established, strict protection is carried out, allowing the processes of natural succession and the preservation of habitats and biotic communities in the wilderness.
In addition to the prohibitions and restrictions regulated by the nature conservation regulations, changing the purpose of the protected area is also prohibited.
The area of the Mileševka Gorge, located between the mountain massifs of Zlatar and Jadovnik in the south-western part of Serbia, was declared a protected area of category I of exceptional national importance in 2014 by a decree of the government of RS, namely the Special Nature Reserve “Milesevka Gorge”.
The area of the Special Nature Reserve “Milesevka River Gorge” has been placed under protection in order to preserve natural phenomena and phenomena of relief, geology and hydrology caused by the very distinctive orography of the terrain and geographical location; Mosaic of habitats with distinct meso- and microclimatic features and refugial character; natural rarities – the Tertiary endomorelic species of Pančić spruce (Picea omorica var. vukomanii) whose range is the southernmost point; original forest-mountain ecosystems with a high degree of floristic richness, valuable from the point of view of gene pool conservation and biodiversity; relict polydominant forest communities of spruce and sedge (Erico-Piceetum omorikae mixtum) and black pine and hornbeam (Ostryо-Pinetum nigrae), autochthonous chestnut and beech forests (Fago-Castanetum sativae mixtum), mixed chestnut and pine forests (Ostryo- Pineto-Carpinetum mixtum) and chestnut and hornbeam forests (Castano-Carpinetum betuli); numerous endemic, relict, rare, migratory and endangered species of national and international importance, which find their refuge here, such as the monflower bellflower (Campanula secundiflora) and the griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus).
The special nature reserve “Mileševka River Gorge” is located on the territory of the municipality of Prijepolje and includes parts of the territory of the cadastral municipalities of Biskupići, Milošev Do, Međani, Kaćevo, Hisardžik and Kosatica with a total area of 1244.14 ha, of which 1236.33 ha (99.37%) is state-owned and 7.81 ha (0.63%) is privately owned.
Level I, II and III protection regimes have been established in the area of the special nature reserve “Milesevka River Gorge”.
In 2011, the natural fir forest on Pešter was declared a protected area of exceptional importance, i.e. category Ι, as a special nature reserve under the name “Gutavica” by a decree of the government RS.
The special nature reserve “Gutavica” is placed under protection in order to preserve the natural fir forest, which is the last fragment of natural endless coniferous forests on Pešter and Sandžak with preserved soil, as well as to preserve the gene pool of an isolated subpopulation of fir with associated elements of endemic, rare and endangered species of flora and fauna. About 85 plant taxa were recorded in the autochthonous fir forest and surrounding grasslands. Four species of ferns were identified, and gymnosperms include: Fir, Spruce and Juniper.
The special nature reserve “Gutavica” is located in the territory of the municipality of Sjenica, KO Ugao, on cadastral plot no. 1909, in the forest area Golija, and covers a total area of 11.13 ha owned by the Majlis of the Islamic Community of Sjenica, i.e. Rijaset of the Islamic Community of Serbia.
In the area of the special nature reserve “Gutavica”, no works and activities may be carried out which, according to the Law on Regulation of Nature Protection, may harm populations, communities and habitats of plant and animal species and disturb natural processes and ecological integrity of the area, or significantly adversely affect the aesthetic features of the landscape and the environment.
In 2011, the only natural location of the pyramidal variety of fir was placed under protection and declared a special nature reserve under the name “Paljevine”, classified as a natural asset of exceptional importance and in the Ι-category of protection as a special nature reserve.
The special nature reserve “Paljevine” is placed under protection in order to preserve the only natural habitat of the pyramidal fir species in the Republic of Serbia and the unique population of this taxon. Most of the reserve is covered with a mixed forest of beech, fir and spruce. An important floristic feature of this area are the peat bogs.
Within the boundaries of the special nature reserve “Paljevina”, a high heath has developed next to the stream on small areas, which as a very sensitive ecosystem represents a priority habitat type that needs to be protected.
The special nature reserve “Paljevine” is the first site of the Dryopteris remota species in the Republic of Serbia.
The special nature reserve “Paljevine” is located in the territory of the municipality of Sjenica, cadastral commune of Kladnice, on part of cadastral parcel number 619 and covers an area of 7.77 ha in state ownership.
In the area of the special nature reserve “Paljevina”, no works and activities may be carried out which, according to the law, may harm the populations, communities and habitats of plant and animal species of this area, violate the natural processes and ecological integrity of the area, or significantly affect the aesthetic features of the landscape and the environment.
In the area of the Special Protected Area “Paljevina”, the protection systems II and III are established, where active protection is carried out in order to preserve and improve natural values, in particular through measures to manage populations of wild plants and animals, to preserve and improve conditions in natural habitats and traditional use of natural resources; and proactive protection for the purpose of restoration, revitalization and overall improvement of the protected area.
The area of the Uvac river valley between the Lupoglav hill at the confluence of the Uvac and Vapa rivers and the dam at Radoinjsko lake, as well as parts of the valleys of the Uvac tributaries – Čajak, Veljušnica, Rakonjsko, Purić, Rabrenski, Sekulić and Duboko potok, Zlošnica, Volujački potok, Marić river, Tisovice, Suvodola, Vrševine and Kladnice, protected by the Government Decree RS in 2006 as a special nature reserve under the name “Uvac” and designated as a protected natural property of exceptional importance, i.e. i.e. as a natural asset of category I.
The special nature reserve “Uvac” is placed under protection in order to preserve and increase the griffon vulture – a rare species of vulture, to preserve habitats and improve the condition of other important bird, game and other animal species, to ensure conditions for the reintroduction of plant and animal species that have disappeared from this area, to preserve and increase the diversity of fish, and to preserve and increase their number through optimal catch and use, to preserve the diversity of flora, forests and other plant communities, to preserve relief and water features, speleological and other values of geological heritage, to preserve and improve natural environmental factors, especially water and soil quality, to preserve the beauty and diversity of the landscape and to create conditions for sustainable use and planning of the protected area in the interests of science, education, culture, recreation and ecotourism.
The special nature reserve “Uvac” is located on the territory of the municipality of Nova Varoš and includes parts of the cadastral municipalities of Akmačići, Amzići, Božetići, Bukovik, Burađa, Vilovi, Vraneša, Gornje Trudovo, Debelja, Komarani, Miševići, Negbina, Ojkovica, Radijevići, Radoinja, Seništa, Trudovo and Štitkovo, with an area of 5525 hectares, and on the territory of the municipality of Sjenica and includes parts of the cadastral municipalities of Gornje Lopiže, Donje Goračiće, Donje Lopiže, Druzinići, Kladnica, Krstac and Ursule, with an area of 2018 hectares.
The total area of the nature reserve “Uvac” is 7543 hectares, of which 5667 hectares are state and community property and 1876 hectares are private property and other forms of property.
A protection system of the level II has been established for the area of the special nature reserve “Uvac”.
By a decision of the Požega Municipal Council in 1968, the area of Tometino polje.
By a decision of the Požega Municipal Council in 1969, the area of Tometino polje.
By a decision of the Municipal Council of Prijepolje in 1976, the area of Milošev do, Kaćevo.
Ozren – Jadovnik” area, part of the Dinaric Mountains of Stari Vlah in the extreme southwest of the Republic of Serbia, was declared a protected area of category I – regional, of great importance, as an area with exceptional features under the name “Ozren – Jadovnik” by decree of the Government of the Republic of Serbia in 2014.
The area with exceptional features “Ozren – Jadovnik” is placed under protection in order to preserve it: geomorphological, hydrogeological and biological values, the high mountain karst of Jadovnik, the gorges and canyons of Duboćica, Ramović and Duboko potok, spring waters, gentle clearings characteristic of the Dinaric mountains of Stari Vlah, the complex of mountain pastures, 34 plant communities, 59 species of Balkan endemics, 54 species of rare and endangered plant taxa and European-boreal species of spruce, blackberry, blueberry, occurring from 600 m to 1200 m above sea level, the diversity of animal species – 25 species of mammals (otter, wild cat), about 100 species of birds (lesser spotted eagle, red buzzard, kestrel, buzzard), 19 species of reptiles and amphibians (viper, spotted salamander) of national and international importance, special objects of national building and cultural and historical heritage.
The area of exceptional features “Ozren – Jadovnik” is located on the territory of the municipality of Prijepolje, i.e. the cadastral municipalities of Gornji Strajani, Donji Strajani, Grobnice, Mrčkovina, Koprivna and Milakovići, with a total area of 10,284.39 ha, of which 6,312.85 ha (61.38%) are state-owned and 3,971.54 ha (38.62%) are privately and socially owned.
In the area “Ozren – Jadovnik”, an area with exceptional natural landscapes, protection schemes of the levels II and III have been established.
The area “Kamena Gora”, a part of the Dinaric mountains of Stari Vlah in the extreme southwest of Serbia, was declared a protected area of the category II “Gorno Kazan” of regional importance, of special significance in 2014 by a decree of the government RS.
The area with exceptional features “Kamena Gora” is placed under protection in order to preserve the geomorphological, hydrogeological and biological values of the mountain area, which is authentic due to its deep gorges and the mosaic arrangement of forest, meadow and peat communities that make this area unique: the catchment area of the Gračanica River with its gorge, which is a geomorphological-hydrological natural phenomenon; the side gorges of the Lim River with numerous relict communities and refugial habitats on limestone rocks; climax zonal and zonal forest communities covering 60% of the total area of this territory; Habitats of numerous rare and endangered plant species protected and strictly protected categories, endemic flora with several types of endemism, the most sensitive and endangered habitat types of wet meadows and sedges; the diversity of animal species – mammals, birds, reptiles and insects of national and international importance; in order to preserve the characteristic natural landscapes, specific objects of folk architecture, cultural-historical heritage and traditional way of life that distinguish this area as special.
The area of exceptional features “Kamena Gora” is located on the territory of the municipality of Prijepolje, i.e. the cadastral municipalities of Kamena Gora, Brajkovac, Gojakovići, Mataruge, Orašac, Kruševo, Gračanica and Miljevići with a total area of 7,762.33 ha, of which 3,679.77 ha (47.41%) are state-owned and 4,082.56 ha (52.59%) are privately owned.
In the area of “Kamena Gora”, an area of exceptional natural landscapes, protection schemes of the levels II and III have been established.
Institute for Nature Conservation and Scientific Research of Natural Rarities, protected in 1958, Drmanović area, Nova Varoš.
The natural area around the Mileševa Monastery, Prijepolje, has been under protection since 1990 by decision of the Prijepolje Municipal Council, the area of Kosatica, Hisardžik, Sedobro and Mileševo.